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Judge Chuang Is Right, Even Though He Felt Powerless To Act

Judge Chuang

Ever since non-prosecution agreements and deferred prosecution agreements have become a prominent feature of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act landscape, I’ve noted that such alternative resolution vehicles are troubling for two distinct, yet equally problematic public policy issues.

In short, alternative resolution vehicles allow “under-prosecution” of egregious instance of corporate bribery, while at the same time facilitate the “over-prosecution” of business conduct.  (See here for the 2010 article “The Facade of FCPA Enforcement,” here for a prior post among others, and here for the 2015 article “Measuring the Impact of NPAs and DPAs on FCPA Enforcement).

As to the former, kudos to Judge Theodore Chuang (D.Md.) for recognizing this as well.

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DOJ Once Again Returns To Russia Nuclear Bribery Scheme As Transport Logistics International Resolves $2 Million Enforcement Action

TENEX

As highlighted in this prior post, in August 2015 the DOJ announced a Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and related enforcement action against Daren Condrey (an owner and executive of Maryland-based Transport Logistics International – TLI) and Vadim Mikerin (an alleged Russian “foreign official”) in connection with a nuclear industry bribery scheme.

As highlighted in this prior post, Mikerin (a Maryland resident) worked for a Maryland corporation (TENAM Corporation), but the DOJ considered him a Russian “foreign official” because TENAM was a wholly-owned subsidiary on TENEX – an entity “indirectly owned and controlled by, and performed functions of, the government of the Russian Federation.”

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DOJ Announces FCPA And Related Actions In Connection With Russian Nuclear Industry Bribe Scheme – Additional Actions Likely

TENEX

It’s not often the DOJ announces a Foreign Corrupt Practices Act enforcement action via a one sentence statement in a press release about another enforcement action.

But that is what the DOJ did earlier this week when it announced in this press release that Daren Condrey (50, of Glenwood, Maryland) pleaded guilty on June 17, 2015, to conspiring to violate the FCPA and conspiring to commit wire fraud.

This June 2015 criminal information sets forth the DOJ’s allegations.

According to the information, Condrey was an owner and executive of Transportation Corporation A (a Maryland headquartered company in the business of providing logistical support services for the transportation of nuclear materials to customers in the United States and to foreign customers) from August 1998 through in or about October 2014.

According to this Wall Street Journal, Transportation Corporation A is Transport Logistics International (TLI).  In November 2014, TLI released this statement concerning the DOJ’s investigation.

The Condrey information alleges various bribe payments made to “Foreign Official One” to secure business with TENEX.

JSC Techsnabexport (“TENEX”) is described as a supplier of “uranium and uranium enrichment services to nuclear power companies throughout the world on behalf of the government of the Russian Federation.”  According to the information, “TENEX was indirectly owned and controlled by, and performed functions of, the government of the Russian Federation, and thus was an “agency” and “instrumentality” of a foreign government, as those terms are used in the FCPA.”  The information further states:

“TENEX established a wholly-owned subsidiary company located in the United States in or about October 2010, TENAM Corporation (“TENAM”). TENAM was TENEX’s official representative office in the United States. TENAM was indirectly owned and controlled by, and performed functions of, the government of the Russian Federation, and thus was an “agency” and “instrumentality” of a foreign government, as those terms are used in the FCPA.”

“Foreign Official One”[Vadim Mikerin – see below] is described in the information as follows:

“[A] national of the Russian Federation, was a Director of TENEX from at least 2004 through in or about October 2010, and was the President of TENAM from in or about October 2010 through in or about October 2014. Foreign Official One was a”foreign official,” as that term is used in the FCPA. From in or about December 2011 through in or about October 2014, Foreign Official One was a resident of Maryland.”

According to the information, Condrey and others:

“with the knowledge of Foreign Official One, caused Transportation Corporation A to provide quotations and invoices to TENEX hiding the cost of the bribe payments promised to Foreign Official One within Transportation Corporation A’s pricing”;

“at the direction of Foreign Official One, attempted to conceal the payments to Foreign Official One by making the bribe payments to bank accounts in Cyprus, Latvia, and Switzerland”;

“sent email communications and used other forms of communication in which they used terms like “lucky figure,” “LF,” “cake,” and “remuneration” as code words to conceal the true nature of the bribe payments, and utilized fraudulent invoices which did not truthfully describe the services provided or the purpose of the payments”;

“caused Transportation Corporation A to act as a conduit for a bribe payment another company made to Foreign Official One in order to conceal that bribe payment;” and

“wired, and caused to be wired, payments from Transportation Corporation A’s bank account in Maryland to bank accounts in Cyprus, Latvia, and Switzerland for the purpose of making bribe payments to Foreign Official One.”

Based on the above allegations, Condrey was charged with conspiracy to violate the FCPA and to commit wire fraud.

In this June plea agreement, Condrey pleaded guilty. The statement of facts attached to the Condrey plea agreement also refers to the following company:

“Cylinder Corporation A was a company, based in Ohio, which engaged in the manufacture of tanks and vessels for the oil and gas, nuclear, and marine markets. Cylinder Corporation A secured contracts with TENEX to supply storage and transportation cylinders. In or about September 2012, Cylinder Corporation A was acquired by another company headquartered in Ohio (“Ohio Corporation”).”

According to this Wall Street Journal article:

“People familiar with the investigation identified that company as Westerman Cos., which was acquired by [publicly traded] Worthington Industries, Inc. in 2012 and now operates as Worthington Cylinders. Court records refer to the company as Cylinder Corporation A and identify its location as Bremen, Ohio.”

According to the DOJ’s release, Condrey will be sentenced on Nov. 2, 2015. Condrey is represented by Robert Bonsib.

Back to the DOJ’s press release earlier this week which made brief mention of the above FCPA enforcement action.  As noted in the release:

“[Vadim Mikerin] a Russian official residing in Maryland pleaded guilty today to conspiracy to commit money laundering in connection with his role in arranging over $2 million in corrupt payments to influence the awarding of contracts with the Russian state-owned nuclear energy corporation. According to court documents, Mikerin was the president of TENAM Corporation and a director of the Pan American Department of JSC Techsnabexport (TENEX).  TENAM, based in Bethesda, Maryland, is a wholly-owned subsidiary and the official representative of TENEX in the United States.  TENEX, based in Moscow, acts as the sole supplier and exporter of Russian Federation uranium and uranium enrichment services to nuclear power companies worldwide.  TENEX is a subsidiary of Russia’s State Atomic Energy Corporation.”

According to the release, Mikerin is to be sentenced on Dec. 8, 2015.  See here for the Mikerin plea agreement.  Mikerin is represented by former FCPA Unit Assistant Chief William Jacobson and Jonathan Lopez (both with Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe).

As noted in the release, “Boris Rubizhevsky, 64, of Closter, New Jersey, pleaded guilty on June 15, 2015, to conspiracy to commit money laundering and will be sentenced on Oct. 19, 2015.” Rubinzhevsky is described in the Mikerin plea agreement as the owner and sole employee of “Consulting Corporation Two,” which was based in New Jersey.

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