Ferrera To Challenge “Foreign Official” Enforcement Theory
In March 2026, the DOJ criminally charged David Ferrera and Marc Tilman with FCPA and related offenses in connection with an alleged bribery scheme involving an employee of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims) in France. (See here for the prior post).
According to the DOJ: “CHU Reims was wholly owned and controlled by the government of France and performed a function that France treated as its own. CHU Reims was an “instrumentality” of a foreign government, and CHU Reims’s officers and employees were “foreign officials,” as those terms are used in the FCPA …”.
The prior post noted that the DOJ enforcement theory that employees (such as physicians, nurses, mid-wives, lab personnel, etc.) of certain foreign health care systems can “foreign officials” under the FCPA – and thus occupy a status akin to a President or Prime Minister – was dubious.
Guilty Plea
This recent post checked in on the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act enforcement action against Abraham Cigarroa Cervantes (pictured – a Mexican citizen described as a former finance director of the Latin America division of Stericycle).
In terms of background, in mid-2022, Stericycle (an Illinois based medical waste disposal company) resolved a net $59 million parallel DOJ and SEC Foreign Corrupt Practices Act enforcement action (see here and here for prior posts).
In the words of the DOJ: “From in or about and between at least 2011 and 2016, Stericycle, through certain of its employees and agents, knowingly and willfully conspired and agreed with others to corruptly offer and pay approximately $10.5 million in bribes to, and for the benefit of, foreign officials in Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina in order to obtain and retain business and other advantages for and on behalf of Stericycle. Stericycle earned approximately $21.5 million in profits from the corrupt scheme and through its corruptly obtained and retained government contracts.”
Balt Resolves $1.2 Million FCPA Enforcement Action
Earlier this month, the DOJ filed criminal charges against David Ferrera and Marc Tilman in connection with an alleged bribery scheme involving an alleged “foreign official” at Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, an alleged French state-owned and state-controlled public university hospital. (See here for the prior post).
Today, the DOJ returned to the same core allegations in announcing a $1.2 million Foreign Corrupt Practices Act enforcement action against Balt SAS (a medical device company headquartered in France). As stated in the DOJ release, Ferrera was an executive at Balt’s U.S. subsidiary and Tillman was hired by Balt’s U.S. subsidiary as a consultant.
Balt joins approximately 35 other companies not to contest the dubious FCPA enforcement theory that employees of certain foreign health care systems are “foreign officials” under the FCPA and thus occupy a status akin to a President or Prime Minister.
Time will tell if Ferrera and/or Tillman contest this enforcement theory as the previous post noted that the matter is believed to be the first DOJ individual FCPA enforcement action based on this theory.
Notable Criminal FCPA Enforcement Action Filed
It is one of the more dubious FCPA enforcement theories there is.
It has never been subjected to judicial scrutiny.
It is a relatively new enforcement theory when one considers that the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act was enacted in 1977.
It is an enforcement theory that has been used 35 times in corporate enforcement actions since introduced to the FCPA context in 2002 and thus is one of the more obvious reasons for the general increase in FCPA enforcement in the modern era. (See here).
It is the enforcement theory that employees (such as physicians, nurses, mid-wives, lab personnel, etc.) of certain foreign health care systems are “foreign officials” under the FCPA and thus occupy a status akin to a President or Prime Minister.
It is believed that this enforcement theory has never been used to criminally charge an individual with FCPA offenses …. until now.
Healthcare Professionals As “Foreign Officials”
It is one of the more dubious FCPA enforcement theories there is.
It has never been subjected to judicial scrutiny.
It is a relatively new enforcement theory when one considers that the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act was enacted in 1977.
It is an enforcement theory that has been used 35 times since introduced to the FCPA context in 2002 and thus is one of the more obvious reasons for the general increase in FCPA enforcement in the modern era.
It is the enforcement theory that employees (such as physicians, nurses, mid-wives, lab personnel, etc.) of certain foreign health care systems are “foreign officials” under the FCPA and thus occupy a status akin to a President or Prime Minister.